Liquid iron hot metal is produced in a blast furnace from the burden materials through a series of chemical reactions which are taking place at various levels in a blast furnace. A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally pig iron, but also others such as lead or copper. A powerpoint which goes through the stages of the blast furnace, including the equations to go with the stages. An aqueous solution containing this maximum mass can be described as a saturated solution. In my cgp guide its not in there, but on the kerboodle text book there are two whole pages for it. This book is suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate science and engineering students in the fields of chemical, mechanical, metallurgical and materials engineering. Iron ores are reduced by coke carbon in a blast furnace. Gcse chemistry chemistry lessons chemistry experiments science classroom science education teaching science flame. Preheated blast air blown into the furnace reacts with the carbon in the form of coke to produce carbon monoxide and heat. In august 20, blast furnace published an interview with childrens book illustrator michelle henningerainscough. Iron oxides, flux agents, and metallurgical coke are added to a skip car at the stock house. The hot air blast to the furnace burns the coke and maintains the very high temperatures that are needed to reduce the ore to iron. Iron ore processing for the blast furnace courtesy of the national steel pellet company the following describes operations at the national steel pellet company, an iron ore mining and processing facility located on the mesabi iron range of minnesota.
Jun 25, 2007 this book is full of clear revision notes and exam practice questions for gcse chemistry students. This auxiliary equipment and the gaseous pathways inside a blast furnace process are shown in figure 2. Compared to this, elsewhere furnaces up to 5070 m 3 had been built. It is heated by blowing hot air in at the base of the furnace, through pipes. Gcse chemistry question paper unit 1a chemistry products. Jun 09, 2012 preheated blast air blown into the furnace reacts with the carbon in the form of coke to produce carbon monoxide and heat. This is called thermal decomposition see examples of other carbonates. Blast furnace ironmaking chemistry textbooks elsevier. Iron ore, haematite often contains sand with iron oxide, fe 2 o 3. Iron blast furnace is a vertical shaft, which is used to melt the iron ore and to produce hot metal by heat exchange and chemical reaction. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Strength and stability characteristics of geopolymer concrete. Having received news of michelles passing on january 27, 2017, we are reposting the interview to honor and memorialize her, with deepest sympathies to her family, friends and the many lives she touched with her talent and vibrant spirit. If anyone knows about the blast furnace and could help me, id really appreciate it.
Creating steel from lowgrade iron ore requires a long process of mining, crushing. Iron ores such as haematite contain ironiii oxide, fe 2 o 3. How a blast furnace works introduction the purpose of a blast furnace is to chemically reduce and physically convert iron oxides into liquid iron called hot metal. The charge is placed a giant chimney called a blast. Blast furnace phenomena and modelling springerlink. Edexcel international gcse 91 chemistry student book. Blast furnace practice 91 gcse and igcse chemistry. Recently, however, various infurnace phenomena have become the subject of serious scientific study, largely as the result of the dissection of dead furnaces, together with the development of advanced monitoring and control techniques. The blast furnace process has auxiliary equipment associated with it. Strassburger volume 52, parts 12 of metallurgical society conferences. This book is full of clear revision notes and exam practice questions for gcse chemistry students. The blast furnace process can be briefly described as follows.
Loop games and works sheet on blast furnace use for extracting iron using carbon monoxide. They can be up to 60 metres 200 ft tall and 15 metres 49 ft in diameter. Calcium carbonate is decomposed by heat in the furnace to give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. The burden charge consisting of iron oxide, flux and coke and it provides through the throat from the top of the furnace. Blast furnaces are used to produce pig iron from iron ore for subsequent.
Blast furnace revision including blast furnace story board. The book is now out of print, but if you are interested, you may be able to obtain a secondhand copy from. Blast furnace gas is produced during the iron oxide reduction in blast furnace iron making in which iron ore, coke and limestone are heated and melted in a blast furnace and is an indigenous process gas of the steelworks industry pugh et al. Heres neatoramas list of the top 10 mad scienceworthy chemistry experiments. Fuel is also used at double the rate of regular furnaces, so the number of items smelted per fuel stays the same. Hottest part of the furnace at the bottom of the furnace, adjacent to the hot air blast entry points, the temperature reaches around 1800. Basic calcium oxide is added, and a jet of oxygen is turned on. A catalyst article about chemical reactions that occur in a blast furnace during the steelmaking process. Blast furnace blast furnace, furnace, gcse chemistry. Gcse science a chemistry higher tier unit chemistry c1 thursday 19 may 2016 morning time allowed. The following questions are about the blast furnace and the production of iron. Jul 10, 2017 issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online. It covers all the important topics you need to learn to improve your grades in the aqa, edexcel, ocr gateway and ocr 21st century exams. Jan 16, 2016 step 2a the blast furnace the sinter is added through a hopper at the top of the blast furnace.
Igcse chemistry book pdf 2nd edition by rosemarie gallagher and paul ingram finish chemistry for cambridge igcse second edition is composed by rosemarie gallagher and paul ingram. Chemistry of the ironmaking by blast furnace process. The furnace is charged from the top, with our three raw materials. Blast furnaces are used for extracting fairly reactive metals e. The scientific method goal 1 reading in book pages what is biology. Online shopping from a great selection at books store. Edexcel igcse chemistry 1c, may 20 part 1 gcse chemistry questions science with hazel in this video hazel answers another selection of chemistry exam questions on the blast furnace and electrolysis of aluminium. The method used in blast furnaces have been used since the 1500s. This is for a project im putting together on the blast furnace for school, but i dont know some of the questions. Click on a part of the picture below for further information. Blast furnace, a vertical shaft furnace that produces liquid metals by the reaction of a flow of air introduced under pressure into the bottom of the furnace with a mixture of metallic ore, coke, and flux fed into the top. The formation of iron and steel the blast furnace 2.
These revision notes on the extraction of iron in a blast furnace and the process of steel making and other alloys should prove useful for the new aqa, edexcel and ocr gcse 91 chemistry science courses. Once an item and a fuel are placed into the blast furnace, the block state changes to lit and the item is smelted twice as fast as a regular furnace. Identify the major impurity in the molten iron from the blast furnace and explain with the aid of an equation how this element is removed from iron on an. As ironmakers are well aware, it was only a few decades ago that the blast furnace was viewed as a strange black box. Limestone is calcium carbonate caco 3 and it is added to the blast furnace to remove the impurities in the iron ore. The calcium oxide neutralises the acidic impurities, forming slag that is skimmed off. Gcse chemistry extraction of iron in the blast furnace. Read pdf edexcel igcse chemistry may 20 paper edexcel igcse chemistry may 20 paper edexcel igcse chemistry 1c, may 20 part 1 gcse chemistry questions science with hazel in this video hazel answers another selection of chemistry exam questions on the blast furnace and electrolysis of aluminium. Easily share your publications and get them in front of issuus. This can be used in conjunction with the blast furnace story board. List of preserved historic blast furnaces wikipedia. The blast furnace is the symbol of the steel industry. Start studying bisv igcse chemistry topic 14 the blast furnace. The blast furnace is a huge, steel stack lined with refractory brick, where iron ore, coke and limestone are dumped into the top, and preheated air is blown into the bottom.
If you are simply interested in a generalpurpose introduction to chemistry for 14 16 yearolds, you might be better looking at my edexcel igcse chemistry book. The largest blast furnace in india at that time was of 2000 m 3. Not for resale, circulation or distribution in whole or in part. Chemistry is a fascinating science, but its often taught poorly in todays boring schools.
Jul 21, 2014 iron ores are reduced by coke carbon in a blast furnace. The furnaces are preserved in a park or museum, or as a site otherwise open to visitors, or intended to become such while pre20thcentury blast furnaces already have a long history of monument preservation, the perception of 20th century mass. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. This list of preserved historic blast furnaces contains decommissioned blast furnaces, of which substantial remains survive. Match the heads to the correct tails, and write out the correct sentences. Links revision quizzes revision questions the periodic table index metal quiz. The graph shows the solubilities of three solids at different temperatures. Edexcel international gcse chemistry 4ch1 for exams from 2019. Blast refers to the combustion air being forced or supplied above atmospheric pressure. Today there are three kinds of blast furnaces used to create metals. Blasts furnaces are used for smelting during the production of metals such as iron, lead, zinc, and copper. Feb 03, 2016 in this gcse chemistry revision video, hazel teaches you about iron manufacturing in a blast furnace, including key balanced equations, raw materials used and removal of acidic impurities. Coke, limestone and iron ore are poured in the top, which would normally burn only on the surface. The furnace is cooled with water running inside part of the case and bricks.
Gcse chemistry extraction of iron using carbon monoxide. Larger blast furnace, use of better prepared burden, recovery of waste energy, and maximum recovery of slag characterize the iron making technology proposed for vsp. Finish chemistry for cambridge igcse is exceptionally elegantly composed and refreshed book. The combined mixture is called the charge iron ore, haematite often contains sand with iron oxide, fe 2 o 3 limestone calcium carbonate coke mainly carbon the charge is placed a giant chimney called a blast furnace. Read book igcse chemistry paper may 20 igcse chemistry paper may 20 igcse chemistry 062032 mayjune20, complete paper edexcel igcse chemistry 1c, may 20 part 1 gcse chemistry questions science with hazel in this video hazel answers another selection of chemistry exam questions on the blast furnace and electrolysis of aluminium. The first principles blast furnace excel model allows for more comprehensive process assessments than the rules of thumb currently used by the industry.
The extraction of iron and a picture of the blast furnace. Step 2a the blast furnace the sinter is added through a hopper at the top of the blast furnace. Blast furnace gas has a high carbon monoxide co content and a low heating value, typical. The blast furnace is around 30 metres high and lined with fireproof bricks. Blast furnace theory and practice, volume 1 volume 2 of blast furnace blast furnace theory and practice, julius h. The design of the hopper stops gases escaping through the top as sinter is added. Like other building types which attract the bechers, it is also an endangered industrial species. Three substances are needed to enable to extraction of iron from its ore. Gcse science a chemistry foundation tier unit chemistry c1. Essentially giant, coneshaped circular stoves, blast furnaces dominate the cityscapes of pittsburgh, youngstown, and birmingham much as religious structures dominated medieval cities. Free support resources for chemistry for you 5th edition. Blast furnace practice 91 gcse and igcse chemistry aqa. The molten iron is made using the thermit reaction where iron oxide is reacted with aluminium powder.
Blast furnace is a furnace for smelting of iron from iron oxide ores hematite, fe 2 o 3 or magnetite, fe 3 o 4. Aluminium wires steel core aluminium is used because it is a good conductor of electricity and. These fine materials are proportioned to obtain a desired product chemistry then mixed together. A blast furnace works by blasting hot air up through the furnace while fuels, limestone, and ore move continuously through the top of the furnace.
In this gcse chemistry revision video, hazel teaches you about iron manufacturing in a blast furnace, including key balanced equations, raw materials used and removal of acidic impurities. What waste gases are formed from a blast furnace answers. Middle order metals like iron are extracted by reducing with carbon in the blast furnace. Step 2b the blast furnace the inner lining is made of insulating bricks, designed to reduce heat loss through the outer walls of the furnace. Blast furnaces are similar to furnaces, but can smelt only ore blocks and toolsarmor made of iron, gold or chainmail. A blast furnace is usually built with a steel case and bricks made of magnesium oxide or other refractory material inside the case. Blast furnace anhydrous stemming rongsheng refractory chemistry in a blast furnace stem refractory taphole clay anhydrous stemming used in blast preparation of al2o3sic composite powder by blast furnace metallurgy blast furnace minecraft wiki fandom powered by wikia fact book 2017 arcelormittal cna anhydrous stemming for blast furnace tapping blast furnace. Iron extraction from its oxides iron is extracted from haematite and magnetite different oxides of iron. This raw material mix is then placed on a sintering strand, which is similar to a steel conveyor belt, where it is ignited by gas fired furnace and fused by the heat from the coke fines into larger size pieces. Pearson edexcel certificate pearson edexcel international. The study of life bio life or living ology to study the knowledge obtained when scientists.
The oxygen must be removed from the ironiii oxide in order to leave the iron behind. Molten iron from the blast furnace is poured into an oxygen furnace. This short article features a diagram of a blast furnace showing the active ingredients used to produce iron from ore. You need to know about the four raw materials used in the blast furnace.
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